safety precautions in the storage of materials

Procedures and safety precautions in the storage of materials

Storage areas usually contain strategic reserves of the facilities of raw materials or product and other equipment and machinery, which is estimated funds of money, so it was necessary to secure the stores of the danger of fire or burglary and theft to preserve what they contain, and the process is based fire insurance to prevent erupted and full readiness to confront him in case it occurs because of the fires posed by heavy losses of materials stored combustible. And even in the case of non-usability of combustion it harm her exposure to the smoke or the rise in temperature as a result of a fire to other materials and flammable nearby, as well as damage may occur as a result of water used in fire fighting operations. There are three considerations when followers due to the process of securing the most important stores separate storage locations for manufacturing sites, and avoid the existence of any sources of ignition sites of storage and take measures to limit the spread of fire when it occurs storage sites.

1 - internal storage

Often prefer to industrial plants storing raw materials or goods of others finished close to the manufacturing sites to facilitate the transfer process and reduce the cost of production, but due to contain that stores large quantities of materials stored combustibles and from which a when burned load high temperatures may affect the building elements stored in it and constitute a major threat to the rest of the facility and to avoid this you must know the causes of fires in stores and measures of prevention and summarized below: -

First, the reasons for the outbreak of fire places of storage

1 - Electrical installations and equipment

 The fixtures and fittings of electrical causes of fires inside the stores, the substances near electrical equipment such as lighting or heating exposed to high non-normal in temperature, may also issue a spark electric result of an imbalance in the electrical installation period in the stores and is expected to contact with materials easy ignition and cause the§ occurrence of fires.

2 - smoking materials Koawad match and the remains of a cigarette

Caused by the dumping of the remains of a cigarette in the places of storage as a result of a fire contact with combustible materials easy.

3 - welding or cutting operations or the use of ovens in stores

May be issued for welding or cutting operations or the use of kilns near the stored materials or spark a rise in temperature and causes it to make a fire inside the stores.

4 - Use of mechanical devices that operate engines within the stores

Lifting and cargo handling work that may be issued by the engines or spark a rise in temperature and cause of fires in flammable materials are stored.

5 - the execution of waste and trash burning near stores

Due to the presence of warehouses far from the places of manufacture and control of supervisors, so it was a duty not to allow the presence of flammable material next to the storage buildings, and takes into account always be windows and doors of warehouses sealed, making it difficult entry into force of flame and sparks the fire when it occurs outside the building to the inside.

 Second, measures must be met to prevent the spread of fire when it occurs

Because the stores are stacked flammable materials stored, the chance of spread of fire when it happens to be big so it was necessary to take measures to prevent the spread of fire, which include the following: -

1 - dividing the building into small units: storage should be divided with large spaces into smaller units by establishing breaks of fire resistant materials, making it difficult to fire them into force and can thus limit the fire within the limited space without spreading to the rest of the building.

2 - must be the holes in the doors and commas types of fire-resistant, and must remain closed permanently or be of a kind which closes automatically when a fire so as not to be an easy way to access the fire from them.

3 - Providing a system of fire warning and automatic fire: You must provide storage to fire extinguishers to suit the quantity and quality with the material stored and the space allocated to them and can use the extinguishing system automatically stores that contain flammable materials and have a high degree of risk, such as stores of chemical 0 as must be equipped warehouses means of the fire alarm to inform the present occurrence of the fire, and control room is connected to the civil defense teams to ensure the flags of specialized civil defense fire place which ensures transmission to quickly extinguish the fire.

4 - measures should be available for special cases of storage: there are cases of storage required reserves and special precautions, such as storage of flammable gases and liquids having a flash point is low and the material melts and flows such as liquids by heat and materials that have a characteristic combustion self and materials that react with water orabsorb it. Fluids that have a flash point less than 32 m (90 P), such as oils, light petroleum and acetone, alcohol, which is characterized by the issuance of vapors of inflammation in normal temperatures.

 Therefore, you must save these liquids inside sealed containers and store separately allocated by the available ventilation and be persistent storage location away from sources of ignition causing fires.

Solids

Which melts when heated and turn into cash, such as wax takes into account the existence of a barrier in front of floor-mounted locations of doors and other openings to stop the stream of burning liquid and prevent it from moving out of place when stored. Flammable gases shall be stored in separate places and separate completely from other stocks, even if these containers to gas is flammable, it is expected to explode when the temperature rises.

Oxidizing substances

Stores must be stored independent of the oxidizing substances that cause fires in contact with other combustible would increase fire intensity.

Materials that react with water

Such as potassium, sodium, aluminum powder, which reacts with water is accompanied by a rise in reaction temperature or issued flammable gases so it is very dangerous if you use water to fight fires. Therefore, you should save these materials inside sealed containers do not allow the entry into force of the water to the inside and shall be isolated from the rest of other stocks.

Materials, which absorb water

Such as grain, cotton, jute and other materials porosity which bloom in contact with water and drink this water when the material increase in size mainly affecting the order of stacks and lead to its downfall, or may affect the increase in volume on the walls of the building. So you must take into account isolate these materials from the rest of other stocks.

Third: Order put stacks of materials stored inside the warehouse

1. Materials should be stored in the form of stacks in a manner easily accessible, or for stacks of combustible materials must be spaced by commas appropriate.

2 - must take into account the order of good when storing materials and selecting the sites are clear signs of stacks on the floor and is bound by a permanent basis.

3 - should not be a high level roof stacks and there should be a minimum distance of three feet between the top of stacks and the roof.

4 - should be expected to put the stored material damage as a result exposure to water above lists raises the level of floor space of not less than three inches or the distance to ensure that water is not connected to fire backward on the floor materials are stored.

5 - must be stored each distinct type of material separately so easy to identify the appropriate means to combat the fire and that fit the quality of stored materials.

2 - external storage Baera

Different preventive measures should be available in cases of Baera for storage that is available in cases of internal storage, due to the absence of electrical wiring or mechanical or thermal storage area in the cold.

First, the causes of fires external storage places Baera

1 - touch the remains of a cigarette burning materials are stored.

2 - contact volatile parts or sparks from the fire near the storage site.

3 - the majority of the covers used to save the goods from atmospheric effects of flammable material that helps the spread of fire materials stored.

4 - materials stored exposed to high temperatures, especially in the summer and help to flammable materials stored easily.

5 - easy access to the materials stored and burned be the easiest of cases of internal storage buildings closed.

Second, measures must be met to prevent the spread of fire

1 - barriers or walls around the storage area .. Must be the establishment of these barriers and walls, up to ensure appropriate not to enter any of the strangers who had cause to make a fire or theft of stored materials.

2 - must be the storage area free of dry weeds and trash .. Shall remove the herbs and plants is not only important Satanic storage but also for long distances as much as possible about the storage area.

3 - You should be stored material covers fire-resistant .. Sheeting shall be used to prevent stored materials from the atmospheric effects of a kind non-flammable or resist as much as possible to the flare.

4 - Order status stacks and the division of storage areas .. Must consider the development of stacks and the provision of distance sufficient to facilitate the operations of fire fighting and rescue assets, if the storage area with large areas must be divided into sections punctuated by ways of ninths enough for the passage of vehicles and equipment shutdown even possible to choose the appropriate site for the direct operations of fire fighting.

5 - the provision of fire fighting equipment storage sites .. You must provide fire extinguishers to suit the quantity and quality of spaces and the quality of stored materials and shall be distributed in appropriate locations and installation of the appropriate number of fire hydrants on the sides of existing roads area, storage and must be all organs of the fire fighting equipment in locations phenomenon of easily identifiable and accessible.

3 - Safety requirements:

A - during the creation of stores

 All facilities should be established stores of materials non-flammable, and be stored for more than one exit.§

 provide openings lighting and natural ventilation with the appropriate providing them with wire steel double tight fabric to prevent the dumping of any foreign objects inside the store and there must be openings for ventilation Bishop and also vents lower the highest level of the barrier ground to ensure the renewal optimal conditioning, and must when using lighting and ventilation§

That all industrial equipment of a kind so safe that will not make a fire or explosion

 In stores

 must be all the wiring and electrical equipment within the vehicle according to the warehouses of assets and technical specifications that ensure the safety of storage of the risk of fire are not allowed to make any amendments or additions only under the supervision of those responsible for electricity.§

 must be provided in each store knife to separate the external electric current at end of working hours or in emergency situations.§

 stores should be equipped with fire fighting equipment and devices that are commensurate with the areas involved and the quality of materials that will be stored in storage, processing and storage takes into account the chemical system of automatic fire because her high-risk.§

 stores must be equipped with a means of fire alarm control room and connected civil defense and fire teams to ensure the flags of specialized civil defense fire place which ensures transmission to quickly extinguish the fire.§

 must be holes in the doors and commas, of a kind of resistance to fire and must remain closed permanently or be of a kind which closes au§tomatically when a fire until there is no way to force them on fire.

 must be the outer walls surrounding the warehouse to rise, which guarantees the right not to climb as well as building a room for the guard at the main gate of the storage and processing of safety equipment and fire alarm panel and the main television surveillance system so that the guard control stores against fire or theft.§

 floors should be appropriate to the nature of the equipment used in the transfer and storage of materials within the warehouse.§

Stores should be divided with large spaces into smaller units by establishing breaks of fire resistant materials, making it difficult to fire them into force and can thus limit the fire within the limited space without spreading to the rest of the building