Fire-fighting equipment and devices

Devices and fire-fighting equipment

Fire extinguisher is very necessary to make sure their presence in your home .. Your car .. Your store .. Your office

A - manual fire extinguishing / mobile equipment 

Equipment is hand-mobile "preliminary control" and used for fire fighting in the first stages by ordinary people who are in the building, must be amortized manual conform to the standard specifications and approved by the competent authorities, and is the extinguisher dry powder better Almtafat used to extinguish fires vehicles at all because they do not cause material damage and moral as a result of use, and are divided into types Almtafot hand to: -

pressurized water extinguisher (A)

Is a cylinder filled with water under the pressure of an inert gas, is used to extinguish the fires of wood and paper, textile and plastics .. Warning .. Can not use this type of extinguishing fires, electrical appliances and equipment relating to neighborhood electric fires or oil and grease or metal. Extinguisher and water works to reduce the temperature of the burning material.

 carbon dioxide extinguisher (BC)

Cylinder of steel that contains carbon dioxide that is compressed to the point of liquefaction is used to extinguish fires, oil, grease, paints and electrical fires and flammable liquids. Works of carbon dioxide to suffocate the flames and cool the temperature, starts at a temperature (76 below zero), amortized weak influence in the open air, dissipated by the wind, issued a strong voice when in use.

 extinguisher foam (B)

Cylinder filled with water and organic material to produce a foam (foam) is used to extinguish fires at amortized oils and oil and grease, dyes .. Attention .. Can not be amortized with the use of electrical equipment-related fires, electric neighborhood. Working to isolate the material surface for oxygen and cooling water to contain it.

 dry chemical powder extinguisher (D)

Cylinder packed with dry chemical powder used to extinguish fires, alcohol, oil, paint and flammable materials and minerals (magnesium - sodium - potassium), is working to isolate the burning material surface.

 Halon extinguisher (liquid vapor quenched)

Would prefer not to use this type because the resulting fumes are toxic and affect the users, especially in enclosed spaces. Because on the basis of chlorine, fluorine and bromine, all toxic gases and affect the ozone layer. A well-off for all types of fires.

 fire blanket

Used the cover of the fire (fire blanket) in the kitchens of the blanket is pulled from inside the box and open it completely and cover to prevent the fire of oxygen.

 The use of hand fire extinguishers

How to use water extinguishers

Is more important than the provision of fire extinguishers in the workplace is the process of training people how they use and how to operate and use is necessary and are summarized below

  when you use the fire extinguishers must be selected the site near the fire so that this site will be safe so easy to him to retreat when necessary, without the trouble or hardship, and preferably soon as possible from doors or exits the other and if the fire was outside the building must be located fire extinguishers

 the highest level of wind

 is the reduced stature of the person upon his fight against the fire of the useful means to avoid the risk of smoke and the heat of the fire the more easy for him to get close to the fire site

be sure to completely extinguish the fire before leaving the site so that fires are not expected to return once Others .

Pointing a water escaping from the bottom of the amortized sites flames and being a change of direction in space all the burning fire, and shall be submerged parts of hot water after turning off the flame to the fire In the case of fires that spread in the direction perpendicular to the lower parts must then fight against the tendency to Top .

How to use Foam extinguishers  

In the case of a means of burning inside the vessel shall direct the foam to the inner wall of the shell above the liquid level so that the foam that formed and spread over the surface of the liquid and when this is impossible, it is possible that had the foam top site on fire so that they can fall over the surface of the liquid where settle in a layer coherent and shall not be directed directly to the foam on the surface of the liquid because it makes the foam pushes the bottom surface of the liquid burning where you lose a lot of influential properties in addition to the possibility of scattering the burning fluid outside the vessel.

How to use the extinguisher

dry powder and carbon dioxide fumes and liquids quenched

In the event of fires in containers containing flammable liquids or inflammation when spilled the fluid above the floor shall direct amortized (dry powder - carbon dioxide - vapor fluid quenched) to the nearest side of the fire and then conducted a sweep rapidly in the direction of further party shall be returned to this movement until the fire fire, but if the fire in the liquid falling from a high level you must guide the amortized to the bottom point and then rapidly moved to the top of 0 and in the event of a fire devices and electrical systems went amortized in a straight line on the fire, and when the electrical equipment closed within a Vtsob amortized in the direction of the holes the existing body of the cover so as to force to the interior 0

How to use the fire blanket

Catch fire blanket be the upper end near the surface of burning material and the blanket is moved from the top and carefully to cover the body or the burning vessel.

Care manual fire extinguisher

Must identify the components of the fire extinguisher, namely: -

 amortized body: the body is a metallic material that contains the fire.§

 Hose rale is the part through which material from the body of Fire Extinguisher nozzle to ejaculation.

Extinguisher hose in sizes small There may not  nail safety:

  is a metal ring for installing the operating arm, and designed to prevent the fire starting §materials due to stress on the arm of the operating error.

 handle pregnancy: is a hard metal part which is used to carry the amortized.§

 operating arm: the metal part is moving above the handle pregnancy, which is amortized running tool and materials to extinguish the fire.§

 Index Pressure: is the part that shows the validity of amortized (note the presence of pressure index in all except the standard Almtafat extinguisher carbon dioxide that test the validity by weight or maintenance).§

Additional guidance

 You must make sure of the validity of the fire extinguisher because it is the loyal companion to protect you from the fire the moment it happens.-

 watch the indicator Palmtafoh - as well as amortized weight of carbon dioxide-

 Monitor maintenance history recorded on the amortized-

 Contact your specialist every 6 months for preventive maintenance of the extinguisher.-

 Contact your specialist immediately for refilling fire extinguishers for use and empty -packaging.

Fires "classification- causes- risks"

  Fires classification 

Category talk agreed by the European countries is divided into four types of fires are

 Type I fires CLASS (A) FIRES

Namely that arise in solids that are often of the nature of the organic (carbon compounds) such as paper, wood, fabrics and other plant fibers, usually burn up in the form of Jmrat glowing, characterized by that the majority of these materials porosity and easy for her to absorb the water, affecting the cooling of the inside of that Water is the most appropriate means to extinguish such fires.

Methods of extinguishing fires

Methods of extinguishing fires

Theory is based on the dimensions of fire one or more of the three elements mentioned above for the updated fire, that is based on the theory of fire break by removing a triangle ignition ribs or all of the ribs and therefore are subject to fire three methods are: -

First, cooling the fire
And is intended to reduce the temperature of burning, using water which is thrown on the fire and adopt this method mainly on the ability of water absorption to the heat of material burning fire, and find water when it is used for cooling purposes two types of changes, it gets hot until it reaches its boiling point and turn to vapor above the surface of the fire, and serve to mute the fire of oxygen decrease the proportion of air.

The principles of fire

Fire

1 - Introduction:
Start fires usually on a small scale because most of them arising start from a little spark because of the neglect to follow the ways of preventing fires, but it quickly spread if not promptly Batafaúha leaving losses and the risk of heavy loss of life and luggage, money and facilities, due to the presence of large quantities of flammable materials in everything that surrounds us things that our presence in various locations and the environment surrounding us in the house and the street, school, workplace and places of pleasure, recreation and other sites, and that if there had been a fire for the rest of us and inflicted heavy losses Bmmtlkatna costs. Therefore we must take preventive measures from the dangers of fires to prevent their occurrence and the elimination of their causes, with the potential to control in case it breaks out and put out as soon as possible with minimal losses.

Safety requirements during storage

Safety requirements during storage

 Substances should be classified according to their nature, characteristics and implementation of written instructions on the parcels and taking into account their homogeneity when stored so
as to store each distinct type of material separately so easy to identify the appropriate means 

To combat the fire and that fit the quality of stored materials

 must take into account the order of good when storing materials and selecting the sites are clear signs of stacks on the floor and is bound by a continuous basis

 must be only a high level stacks ceilings and there is a distance of not less than three feet between the top of stacks and the roof.

 must be the development of materials stored on metal shelves and lists are not placed directly on the ground to protect it from damage.

 must be periodic inspection of electrical installations and equipment for safety to prevent any 

sparks a result of faulty electrical installations spanning electrical stores

safety precautions in the storage of materials

Procedures and safety precautions in the storage of materials

Storage areas usually contain strategic reserves of the facilities of raw materials or product and other equipment and machinery, which is estimated funds of money, so it was necessary to secure the stores of the danger of fire or burglary and theft to preserve what they contain, and the process is based fire insurance to prevent erupted and full readiness to confront him in case it occurs because of the fires posed by heavy losses of materials stored combustible. And even in the case of non-usability of combustion it harm her exposure to the smoke or the rise in temperature as a result of a fire to other materials and flammable nearby, as well as damage may occur as a result of water used in fire fighting operations. There are three considerations when followers due to the process of securing the most important stores separate storage locations for manufacturing sites, and avoid the existence of any sources of ignition sites of storage and take measures to limit the spread of fire when it occurs storage sites.

Safety procedures in handling and lifting operations

Safety procedures in handling and lifting operations

 Make sure that there is no risk on the ground, especially slippery materials such as oils and fats as well as the earth is flat down the body to be lifted.§
 the values ​​of the size and body weight to be lifted and ask for help from others in the event of your inability to raise the body alone.§
 Be careful not to corner the fingers of the hand or the bottom of heavy exposure to the acute injury of the parties or the fall of the body on the feet.§
 to protect against back injuries that may result from erroneous methods of lifting materials be sure to follow the correct way to lift materials as follows:§